Hot Water Boiler

The construction of a boiler involves a diverse range of materials and components, broadly categorized into boiler steels, structural steels, and bought-outs (BOs). These materials are chosen based on factors like weldability, strength, and compliance with safety standards to ensure integrity and reliability.

The construction of a boiler involves a diverse range of materials and components, broadly categorized into boiler steels, structural steels, and bought-outs (BOs). These materials are chosen based on factors like weldability, strength, and compliance with safety standards to ensure integrity and reliability.

Steam boilers require substantial energy to heat feed water to boiling point, convert it to steam, and potentially superheat it. Improving heat transfer efficiency involves utilizing high temperatures near combustion sources for boiling and superheating, while residual heat from cooled combustion gases is used via an economizer to raise the temperature of feed water entering the steam drum.

A pressure vessel is defined as a container with a pressure differential between inside and outside. The inside pressure is usually higher than the outside, except for some isolated situations. The fluid inside the vessel may undergo a change in state as in the case of steam boilers, or may combine with other reagents as in the case of a chemical reactor. Pressure vessels often have a combination of high pressures together with high temperatures, and in some cases flammable fluids or highly radioactive materials. Pressure vessels are used in a number of industries; for example, the power generation industry for fossil and nuclear power, the petrochemical industry for storing and processing crude petroleum oil in tank farms as well as storing gasoline in service stations, and the chemical industry (in chemical reactors) to name but a few.